Cognitive-behavioural therapy interventions for health professionals in organisational contexts: A systematic literature review

Abstract

Introduction: Health professionals are particularly vulnerable to various stressors in the work environment, making it essential to study strategies that promote improvements in their well-being. Evidence-based interventions, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, are widely recognised for their effectiveness in managing different stressors and disorders. Objective: This review aimed to identify and synthesise Cognitive Behavioural Therapy interventions (online or face-to-face) applied to health professionals in organisational contexts. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted of articles addressing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy interventions (online or in-person) applied to healthcare professionals in organisational settings. The search for primary studies was conducted in January 2025 in the following databases: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and B-ON. Results: A total of 1,579 studies were identified, of which 13 met the eligibility criteria. The study characteristics, individual and organisational outcomes assessed, evaluation time points, and the method, model, and description of the interventions were analysed. Conclusion: The interventions identified included combinations with mindfulness and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, demonstrating efficacy in reducing stress, psychological distress, fatigue, insomnia, depression, anxiety, emotional exhaustion, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, alcohol consumption and distress. At the same time, they promoted increased resilience, psychological well-being, mental health, psychological flexibility and normalisation.