LIPOSSARCOMA IN GUINEA PIG: A CASE REPORT

Abstract

Introduction Liposarcomas are malignant tumors of adipocytic differentiation1 , of rare incidence, affecting animals and humans2 . According to the clinical and pathological characteristics of liposarcoma, it can be classified into well-differentiated, undifferentiated, myxoid and pleomorphic3 . Surgical excision is recommended, but recurrence4 and metastasis may occur1 . Objectives The objective of this study was to report case of a Guinea pig submitted to surgical excision of a spontaneous liposarcoma. Methodology A male Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus), 4 years old, was treated due to the presence of a large cutaneous nodule, rapidly growing in the abdominal region. The semiological evaluation showed a subcutaneous neoformation of 7 cm in diameter in the middle abdominal region (left flank), firm in consistency, and non painfull on palpation. No other noteworthy alterations in physiological parameters and complementary exams were detected. The cytological findings on fine-needle aspiration puncture were compatible with fatty tissue. Exeresis of the neoformation was advised and the animal was referred for surgical procedure. Pre-anesthesia sedation was performed with the combination of ketamine hydrochloride(10mg/kg) and butorphanol(0,5mg/kg) via intramuscularly, and anesthetic induction and maintenance was performed by inhalation using a mask), with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. Local anesthesia was performed at the incision line with 2% lidocaine, administered subcutaneously with a 26G needle. In a continuous act, the surgical resection of the neoformation occurred, presenting multilobulated aspect with yellowish-white color and soft consistency. Surgical incision was closed with continuous suture with absorbable thread(subcutaneous) and simple interrupted suture with non absorbable thread(skin). 145 Postoperative analgesia consisted of administration of meloxicam(0,1mg/kg, SC) for 2 days, tramadol hydrochloride(2,0 mg/kg, SC) for 3 days and antibiotherapy with enrofloxacin(5,0mg/kg, SC) for 7 days. Results The results of the histopathological examination revealed neoplasia composed of fusiform mesenchymal cell bundles with multiple dilated spaces of fat, with histopathological diagnosis of well differentiated Liposarcoma. After hospital treatment, the animal showed excellent recovery, being discharged at after 7 days. It was referred for further evaluation with the veterinary oncologist, reporting no complications during eight months of follow-up. Conclusion Guinea pigs are popular as pets, being a species that can be affected by spontaneous cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasias. Taking in account the clinical evaluation of the animal, surgical resection of the neoplasia was recommended. Although uncommon, liposarcoma should be considered an anatomopathological differential diagnosis of neoplasms that affect this species. References [1] Lee, A. T. J., Thway, K., Huang, P. H., & Jones, R. L. (2018). Clinical and Molecular Spectrum of Liposarcoma. Journal of clinical oncology: official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 36(2), 151-159. [2] Quinton, J. F., Ollivier, F., & Dally, C. (2013). A case of well‐differentiated palpebral liposarcoma in a Guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Veterinary ophthalmology, 16, 155-159. [3] Sahoo, A., Dwibedi, B., Das, J., Behera, M., & Behera, L. (2017). Spontaneous Liposarcoma in a Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) and its Surgical Management. International Journal of Livestock Research, 1. [4] Hoffman, A., Lazar, A. J., Pollock, R. E., & Lev, D. (2011). New frontiers in the treatment of liposarcoma, a therapeutically resistant malignant cohort. Drug Resistance Updates, 14(1), 52-66.